Cosmetology Derived from greek word which means (skilled in adornment) is the study and application of beauty treatment. Branches of specialty including hairstyling, skin care, cosmetics, manicures/pedicures, and electrology Basic Makeup Items Every Woman Should Have Start with the basics: basic makeup items, that is! You may think that carrying all the makeup tools of the trade is a necessity, but that can weigh you down - literally. By condensing your makeup bag to include only basic makeup items - foundation, eye shadow color, lip color and blush – you can look your best all the time without lugging a ton of makeup products around. Basic Makeup Item #1: Foundation One of the most important basic makeup items you can own is foundation. When deciding on a foundation, first ask yourself what type of coverage you need. During the summer, a lightweight foundation like Translucent Veil works best. This foundation does not clog pores and offers light coverage over skin. During colder months, try a foundation with more protection, like the Cream-to-Powder Foundation, which is infused with Meadowfoam Seed Oil, a rich emollient that replenishes skin with vital moisture. Also, remember to choose a foundation that matches your skin tone. Basic Makeup Item #2: Eye Shadow Color Draw attention to your most prominent feature, your eyes, with a complimentary eye shadow color. When selecting this basic makeup item, remember that neutral colors like grays and browns work well with any eye color.
If you like having a whole array of colors to choose from, try the Eye Shadow Cream Color Mix Mini Compact, which comes complete with 10 different eye shadow colors. It's also the size of a credit card, and won't weight you down. Basic Makeup Item #3: Lip Color The right lip color can enhance any pair of lips. This basic makeup item can come in lipstick or lip gloss form and is always an important item to have on hand. Dark complexions look best with equally deep shades like plum, wine and berry. If you have a lighter skin tone, try apricots, soft pinks and rose lip colors. Basic Makeup Item #3: Blush When selecting a blush color for your cheeks, remember: your blush should look as natural as possible. Sometimes it is helpful if your blush color matches you lip color. If you have a darker skin tone, choose a burgundy or wine blush color; those with lighter skin tones may want to try pink blushes to enhance the skin. Read more about choosing the right blush color. PREPARATION OF COSMETICS: FORMULATIONS BASICS: FACIAL CREAM Facial care creams formulations include many kinds of formulations, depending on the nature of the skin or on the desired effects. Either protection against pollution and oxidation is needed or anti-wrinkle activity. Actives may also be added in order to correct an oily/ greasy skin, a dry or a sensitive skin.. Many formulations are basically Oil in Water emulsions or Water in Oil emulsions. The typical skin care emulsion is now more likely to be o/w than w/o. Technology has advanced to the point where w/o stable emulsions can be prepared at room temperature. Required qualities :
FOUNDATION MAKEUP FORMULATION Foundations Required qualities:
EYE MAKE-UP REMOVER FORMULATION Eye make-up remover formulation requires specific precautions. Indeed eyes and eye contours are particularly sensitive to irritations. There are tipically two types of eye make-up removers:
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FORMULATION BASICS: LIPSTICKS
We're tracking the origin of lip coloration within the high antiquity. Egyptian women used to apply on their lips some dyes based on red blood stone or henna. However the origin of the lipstick such as we know it today begins within the end of the XIXth century. At this time, actresses used to use mixtures of beeswax, butter, vine grape extracts or other kinds of natural dyes to be applied on their lips. Synthetic dyes discovery at the beginning of the XXth century allowed for a considerable pallet of coloring nuances as well as the emancipation of the lipstick. Required qualities :
MASCARA FORMULATION
Mascaras are used to enhance the eyelashes. They were once prepared with oil and lamp-black. There are two main types of mascara formulation:
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BASICS: NAIL POLISH FORMULATION
Nail polishes are preparations whose main function is to color and enhance aesthetics of both hands and feet, giving them a more attractive aspect. Nail polish basically consists of pigments suspended in a volatile solvent to which film formers have been added. Required qualities :
SHAMPOO FORMULATION
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How to Make Your Own Lip Gloss
You can learn how to make Cranberry lip gloss with vitamin E oil or Fruity lip gloss made with Kool-Aid. Start here and let your imagination lead you to a lip gloss you'll love. Make Cranberry Lip Gloss Honey Balm Lip Gloss How to Make Your Own Skin Care Products There's no need to spend lots of money on manufactured skin care products. Check out these easy and gentle recipes for facial hair bleach, a skin food cream, and a tissue-toning cream. Facial Hair Bleach This effective cream hair bleach is both inexpensive and easy to prepare. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Yield: Enough for one application Measure 2 tablespoons of 3 percent solution hydrogen peroxide into a mixing bowl; make sure the peroxide is fresh and at full strength. Add 10 drops of ammonia and stir in enough white henna to produce a smooth paste, not too thick or too runny. Apply the bleach to the hair and leave it on for about 15 minutes, or until the desired shade is achieved. Rinse off the bleach thoroughly. Complete the treatment by washing thoroughly.
Skin Food Cream If you want to replenish your skin's beneficial oils and supply it with nutrients, there's no need to buy expensive cosmetics. This gentle cream is as rich as they come. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Note: Buy the ingredients at a pharmacy. Yield: About 51/2 ounces Melt 1/2 ounce -- about 1 tablespoon -- of beeswax in a double boiler; add 2 tablespoons of coconut oil and 1 ounce (2 tablespoons) of anhydrous lanolin, and stir to blend thoroughly. Stir in 2 ounces (1/4 cup) of almond oil or heavy mineral oil, 2 or 3 drops of tincture of benzoin, and 1 ounce (2 tablespoons) of orange flower water. Caution: Almond oil vapors are toxic. Pour the mixture into a mixing bowl and beat it with a wire whisk or an egg beater until it's creamy. Spoon the cream into a small jar and cover it tightly. To use, rub the cream into the skin and massage vigorously. Tissue-Toning Cream Tissue-toning creams add moisture to dry skin and improve its texture. This cream preparation is easy and inexpensive to make. Equipment: · Double boiler · Measuring cup · Measuring spoons · Two small saucepans · Mixing spoon · Pint jar with cover Ingredients:
Note: You can buy these ingredients at a pharmacy. Yield: About 10 ounces Melt 1 ounce of beeswax -- about 2 tablespoons -- in the top of a double boiler; add 1/4 cup (2 ounces) of anhydrous lanolin. Warm 5 ounces of almond oil or heavy mineral oil in a small saucepan and add it to the lanolin-and-wax mixture; stir to blend. Caution: Almond oil vapors are toxic. In another small pan, heat 2 tablespoons of witch hazel and 2 tablespoons of rose water; dissolve a pinch of borax in this solution. Add to the lanolin-and-wax mixture and mix thoroughly. Pour the mixture into a pint jar and cover it tightly. Apply the cream sparingly and rub it into your skin gently. Don't forget your hands and feet when you're pampering yourself. See the next page to learn how to make your own hand and nail care products using easy instructions and ingredients available at the grocery and pharmacy.
How to Make Your Own Hand and Nail Care Products Keeping your hands beautiful can take lots of work. But you don't necessarily need to invest in a supply of manufactured cosmetics. Instead, you can make your own products at home and get beautiful results. Fingernail Hardener Nails, like hair, often need conditioning. Use this simple nail hardener recipe to keep your nails from splitting or cracking. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Yield: About 1/2 cup To 1/4 cup of water in a measuring cup, add 1/4 cup of witch hazel, 2 tablespoons of glycerin, and a drop of green food coloring -- the coloring is just for identification. Add 2 teaspoons of alum and stir to mix well. Pour into a small jar and cover tightly. Apply the solution nightly for several nights; dip your nails into the solution and let them dry. Repeat as necessary until your nails are hard, as desired. If you wear nail polish, remove the polish and don't reapply it until your nails have hardened as desired.
Heavy-Duty Hand Lotion For winter-cracked hands, try this lotion. Glycerin and rose water are a classic combination, and this version has the added benefit of witch hazel. Equipment:
Ingredients: · Glycerin · Bay rum · Witch hazel · Rose water Note: Buy the ingredients at a pharmacy. Yield: About 1/2 cup Measure 1/4 cup of glycerin into a mixing bowl. Add 2 tablespoons of bay rum, 2 tablespoons of witch hazel, and 2 tablespoons of rose water; stir the mixture thoroughly. Pour into a small jar and cover tightly. Shake the lotion thoroughly before using.
Nail Bleach Blotchy or mottled fingernails aren't pretty, but they're easily dealt with. Mix this fragrant lotion to correct the problem. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Note: Buy glycerin and orange flower water at a pharmacy. Yield: 8 ounces Measure 2 tablespoons of glycerin and 5 ounces -- 5/8 cup -- of 3 percent solution hydrogen peroxide into an 8-ounce bottle; fill the bottle with orange flower water. Cap the bottle and shake it well. To use the bleach, soak your nails in this mixture for about 15 minutes. Repeat as needed.
Nail Softener If your nails are too tough to cut or shape, try this effective softener. Equipment: · Double boiler · Measuring spoons · Mixing spoon · Small jar with cover Ingredients:
Note: Buy lanolin at a pharmacy. Yield: About 3 ounces Empty a 2-ounce tube of hydrous lanolin into the top of a double boiler and melt the lanolin over low heat. Add 1 tablespoon of soap flakes, 2 teaspoons of glycerin, and 1 teaspoon of vegetable oil; stir well. If desired, add a few drops of your favorite perfume or cologne. Remove the mixture from the heat and stir to dissolve the soap flakes. Pour the mixture into a small jar and cover it tightly. Apply the softener to the nails daily, until the nails are as soft as desired. Nail Whitener There's no need to go out and buy expensive nail whiteners; it's easy to make your own: Equipment:
Ingredients:
Note: Buy the ingredients at a pharmacy. Yield: About 41/2 ounces Empty a 2-ounce tube of hydrous lanolin into the top of a double boiler and melt the lanolin over low heat. Add 2 tablespoons of zinc oxide powder and 2 tablespoons of talcum powder and stir the mixture to form a smooth, creamy paste. Then add 1/4 teaspoon of glycerin and 1 tablespoon of almond oil or heavy mineral oil, mixing them thoroughly into the paste. Caution: Almond oil vapors are toxic. Transfer the paste to a small jar and cover it tightly. To use the whitener, apply the paste under the nails with an orange stick. To complete your suite of homemade beauty products, see the next page for instructions on making your own hygiene products like deodorant and toothpaste. How to Make Your Own Facial Care Products Put your best face forward with these natural facial care products you can make yourself. For some of the recipes, you'll already have all the ingredients in your kitchen. For others, you can find everything at the grocery store or your pharmacy. Natural Facial Masks To restore moisture and deep-cleanse your face, use a facial mask regularly. These home-blended masks are designed for the three common skin types. Normal-Skin Mask: Use this mask for normal or combination skin types. Equipment: · Small bowl · Wire whisk · Measuring spoons Ingredients:
Yield: Enough for one application Beat an egg in a small bowl, using a wire whisk to blend yolk and white thoroughly. Add 1 teaspoon of honey and 1/4 teaspoon of brewers' yeast -- or, if you don't have brewers' yeast, 1 tablespoon of cider vinegar. Whisk again to blend. Apply the mask to your face, being careful not to get it in your eyes or on your hair. Let it dry for about 20 minutes, and then rinse it off thoroughly with warm water. Splash your face with cool water and blot it dry. Dry-Skin Mask: Enjoy the scent of this natural mask while moisturizing your skin. Equipment: · Paring knife · Blender · Measuring spoons Ingredients:
Yield: Enough for one application Wash a banana thoroughly. Slice the banana and half of its peel into the container of a blender; add 1 tablespoon of honey and blend to a liquid. Apply the mask to your face, being careful not to get it in your eyes or on your hair. Let it dry for about 20 minutes, and then rinse it off thoroughly with warm water. Splash your face with cool water and blot it dry. Oily-Skin Mask: Get a deep cleansing with this fresh, natural mask recipe. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Yield: Enough for one application Wash a cucumber thoroughly. If the cucumber skin is waxed, remove it; if possible, however, leave the cucumber unpeeled. Slice the cucumber into the container of a blender; add 1 tablespoon of plain unsweetened yogurt and blend to a liquid. Apply the mask to your face, being careful not to get it in your eyes or on your hair. Let it dry for about 20 minutes, and then rinse it off thoroughly with warm water. Splash your face with cool water and blot it dry. Clay Facial Mask To absorb dirt, oil, and impurities from your skin, mix this soothing clay. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Note: Buy the ingredients at a pharmacy. Yield: Enough for one application Measure 1/4 ounce of beeswax -- about 11/2 teaspoons -- into the top of a double boiler; add 2 ounces (4 tablespoons) of anhydrous lanolin. Stir to blend. Measure 1/2 cup of rose water or plain water; add 1 tablespoon of borax and stir to dissolve. Slowly pour the borax-water mixture into the melted wax and lanolin, stirring constantly until the water is completely absorbed. Remove the mixture from the heat. Add 1/2 pound of fuller's earth to the blended wax and water, stirring to a smooth paste. Let the mixture cool before using it. Apply the facial pack liberally to your skin, being careful not to get it in your eyes or on your hair. Let it dry completely, about 1/2 hour, and rinse with warm water to remove all traces of the clay. Finally, splash your face with cool water and blot it dry. Skin Softener Many beauty experts recommend cucumbers as an effective skin softener and nourisher. This softener is especially good for oily skin. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Yield: About 21/2 to 3 cups Thinly peel 2 or 3 large cucumbers and cut them into small pieces; place in a blender and puree to a fine pulp. Turn the pulp into a saucepan and heat to boiling; let cool. Stir in 1 pint of rubbing alcohol and 1/4 cup of benzoic acid; this keeps the cucumber juice from spoiling. Stir to mix thoroughly. Pour the mixture into a quart jar and cover it tightly; refrigerate it for 2 weeks. Strain it into a clean jar through a funnel lined with a coffee filter; cover tightly. Apply to skin as desired. Lip Cream If you spend a lot of time outside, you've probably suffered from dry, chapped lips due to cold, sun, or wind. This simple cream both soothes and heals. Equipment: · Measuring spoons · Double boiler · Mixing spoon · Small jar with cover Ingredients: · Beeswax · Castor oil · Anhydrous lanolin · Spirits of camphor Note: Buy the ingredients at a pharmacy. Yield: About 21/2 ounces Melt 1 ounce -- about 2 tablespoons -- of beeswax in a double boiler; add 2 tablespoons of castor oil and 1 tablespoon of anhydrous lanolin, and stir thoroughly. Remove from heat and let the mixture cool. When cool, add 1 teaspoon of spirits of camphor and mix thoroughly. Spoon the mixture into a small jar and cover it tightly. Apply the cream to the lips as needed. Skin Whiteners Honest-to-goodness freckles are a permanent fixture, but discolorations and dark spots are easy to remove. Lemon-Vinegar Skin Whitener: This recipe is simple super to make and to use. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Yield: About 11/2 pints Cut 2 or 3 lemons into small pieces. Liquefy the pieces of lemon in a blender. Add a pint of inexpensive wine vinegar, 1/2 cup of rubbing alcohol, and 1/2 cup of water, and blend for a few seconds. Pour the mixture into a quart jar and cover; refrigerate it for 3 days. Add a few drops of your favorite perfume until the mixture smells good to you. Strain the mixture into another quart jar through a funnel lined with a clean coffee filter, and cover it tightly. To use the skin whitener, spread it between two pieces of muslin. Set this poultice on your skin for as long as convenient, preferably overnight. Natural Face Bleach: This bleach is good for repeated use and gentle enough for the delicate skin on your face. Equipment:
Ingredients:
Yield: About 11/2 cups Measure 1/4 cup of colloidal oatmeal into a mixing bowl. Add 1/2 cup of 3 percent solution hydrogen peroxide and stir well; be sure the peroxide is fresh and at full strength. Add 1/2 cup of lemon juice and 1/4 teaspoon of tincture of benzoin to the mixture. Stir to blend the ingredients thoroughly. Pour the mixture into a pint jar and cover it tightly. Apply the bleach weekly; let it dry before rinsing. If you specifically want to focus on preventing, eliminating, and hiding wrinkles, see the next page for some non-surgical solutions. How to Make Perfume Whether
it’s for personal or family purposes, marketing If you try to google your way to some perfume making knowledge, you’ll notice you have a lot to choose from, just because there are plenty of ways and different recipes to try. The most important thing is for you to know what you’d like to obtain: 1.
What type of perfume would you like to make? (eau de 2.
What would you like the perfume to smell like? (soft / Depending
on your answers to the previous questions, you should The
first rule of perfume making is that you should experiment as much as you can.
It’s a fact that some of the greatest The
second most important thing is that there are 3 key ingredients to a perfume
recipe: essential oils (extracts from Another
thing you should know about oils, plant extracts is that there are 3 different
types of oils which will ultimately It
is very important that you mix the extracts in the given order and that you use
a sufficient quantity of each type, Last, but not least, here’s a list of the most easily found oils that may lead you to your dream perfume: 1. Base notes – sandal wood, vanilla, cinnamon, mosses, lichens, ferns; 2. Middle notes – lemongrass, geranium, neroli, ylang-ylang; 3. Top notes – orchid, rose, bergamot, lavender, lemon, lime. HERBAL PRODUCT
Beauty products don't need to be costly. You can achieve professional results at home! HERBAL SHAMPOO The easiest way to make herbal shampoo is to start with a gentle base of commercial shampoo and then add you own herbal infusions and a few drops of essential oil to scent your hair. Baby shampoo is a good mild soap to use in adding herbals. You will need to add one part shampoo to five parts herbal infusion. There are a large variety of herbs you can use but you need to study the properties of each herb in order to use them safely for your intended purpose. These are some of the herbs you can use and their properties. Cloves and Ground Walnut shells will highlight dark hair colors. Lavender is good for oily hair. Parsley improves the shine of your hair and helps prevent dandruff as does Rosemary. Rosemary and ground Walnut shells can also darken your hair. Lime flowers will soften and conditions your hair as does Thyme. Nasturtium helps your hair to gain healthy growth and Sage will not only color dark and gray hair as well as conditions it. HONEY HAIR RINSE 1 teaspoon of honey 4 cups of warm water 1 drop of your favorite essential oil or perfume BATH SALTS Mix: 6 Cups Epsom Salts 6 Cups Sea Salt 2/3 Cups baking soda A few drops of Essential Oils and Food Coloring is optional To make a sandal wood musk bath salt use 14 drops of sandal wood essential oil and 10 drops vanilla musk oil with 6 drops of chamomile. A delightful citrus bath can be made using 10 drops bergamot, 10 drops orange, 5 drops grapefruit, 2 drops lemon and 5 drops honeydew. Whichever kind of bath salts you are making you will want to mix the salts and baking soda in a bowl very well. Divide the mixture up between several small bowls to create a fun layered look in your container. For best results mix your coloring and essential oil separately to each bowl. After letting the bowls sit for 24 hours you can add a scoopful to your container. You can make Vanilla, Strawberry and Orange Bath salts and layer them alternately in a sundae dish for a fun gift idea or layer them in a glass pasta jar and tie a wooden scoop on with a piece of raffia or ribbon. Use peppermint essential oil and red and pink food-coloring to make a candy cane bath salt. You can even layer the salts in a recycled old plastic candy cane that you find candy sold in at Christmas time! HOME-MADE FACE MASKS To moisturize your skin and make it glow with beauty you can make many different home-made face masks that can help dry or tired skin look and feel its best. Citrus Fruit Mask Mix one Tablespoon Honey to two Tablespoons orange juice. Mix completely then add 1 Apple, cored, quartered and pureed till smooth with 1/2 teaspoon sage. Mix it together well and secure your hair back out of your face securely. Heat the mixture a few minutes in the microwave and smooth evenly on your face. Keep it on your face for 20 minutes and then wash clean with a warm wash cloth. This can enhance all skin types. Cucumber Mask Add 1/2 a Cucumber, 1 Egg white, 1/2 teaspoon Lemon juice, 1/2 teaspoon Lime juice, 1 tsp Apple Mint Leaves to a food processor or blender and puree for 5 minutes until smooth. Keep the mixture in the refrigerate for 10 minutes. Apply the mixture to your face while cool and leave it on for 20 minutes. Rinse it off with hot washcloth to loosen your pores and then rinse with cool water to finish your treatment. This mask is especially good for oily skin. Peach Tightening Mask 1 Peach, ripe, peeled, pitted 1 Egg white or 1/4 cup cornstarch 1 mint sprig Whip the peach, egg white or cornstarch and mint leaves together in a blender until smooth. Smooth mixture evenly over your face and leave on to tighten for 20 minutes. Rinse off and pat dry. FOOT SCRUBS Making home-made cleansing scrubs are very easy and a great way to rejuvenate and cleanse tired and warn out feet. This mixture can also be a wonderful way to remove calluses from your feet with continued use. 1 Tablespoon of coarse, clean sand 1/4 cup light canola oil 1/4 cup liquid hand soap 1/4 cup sea salt 1/4 cup Epsom salt OATMEAL SOAP ON A ROPE 1 Cups either oatmeal or cornmeal 1 Cups soap crumbs -- (broken small pieces or hotel bar sized soap) 2 Tablespoon vegetable oil 2 Tablespoon water Braided or twisted nylon cording Cut a 6 inch piece of cord with a knot tied at the end of it. Take the soap and oatmeal and place in your blender. First blend and then using the pulse option, pulse until the mixture becomes fine. Add the soap and oatmeal mixture,oil and water together. Jojoba oil is a nice additive but can be expensive. Almond oil is also a wonderful option and very light but even a light commercial canola oil works great,the cheaper the better! Roll your mixture into a long rectangle shape or ball. Use the back of a table spoon to make a indentation in the middle of the soap. Place the knot from your cord into the depression. The soap will need to dry completely at least 2-3 days. |
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